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MODÉLISATION ET ANALYSE DE LA FIABILITÉ DU RÉSEAU ÉLECTRIQUE HAUTE TENSION (HTA) 20 KV DE NIAMEY

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Author: 
*Moussa INSA ISSOUFOU and Seibou BOUREIMA
Country: 
République du Niger
Volume & Issue: 
Volume 08, Issue 05, May 2026
Page No: 
9892-9895
Abstract: 

La ville de Niamey, capitale du Niger, connaît une croissance démographique et économique rapide qui sollicite fortement son réseau électrique haute tension A (HTA) de 20 kV. Cette étude présente une analyse approfondie de la fiabilité de ce réseau sur la période 2014-2023, en utilisant les indicateurs normalisés IEEE 1366-2012 (SAIFI, SAIDI, CAIDI, ASAI, EENS). Les données collectées auprès de la NIGELEC révèlent une détérioration significative de la fiabilité en 2023, avec un SAIDI passant de 3 jours 21h38 (2022) à 35 jours 10h8 (2023), principalement due à la suspension de l'interconnexion Nigeria-Niger. Une modélisation probabiliste utilisant la simulation Monte-Carlo a été développée pour évaluer différents scénarios d'amélioration : reconfiguration du réseau, automatisation des manoeuvres, et intégration de production solaire distribuée. Les résultats montrent qu'une combinaison de ces mesures pourrait réduire le SAIDI de 40 à 60% et améliorer significativement la résilience du système. Cette étude fournit des recommandations technico-économiques pour renforcer la fiabilité du réseau HTA de Niamey et contribue à la littérature scientifique sur les réseaux électriques urbains africains.

KeyWords: 
Fiabilité du réseau électrique, SAIFI, SAIDI.